test(e2e): replica cluster (#88)

Signed-off-by: Francesco Canovai <francesco.canovai@enterprisedb.com>
Signed-off-by: Leonardo Cecchi <leonardo.cecchi@enterprisedb.com>
Co-authored-by: Leonardo Cecchi <leonardo.cecchi@enterprisedb.com>

Taskfile.yml

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ tasks:
     deps:
       - build-images
     cmds:
-      - go test -timeout 30m -v ./test/e2e
+      - go test -timeout 60m -v ./test/e2e
 
   ci:
     desc: Run the CI pipeline

test/e2e/e2e_suite_test.go

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/kustomize"
 
 	_ "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/tests/backup"
+	_ "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/tests/replicacluster"
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"

test/e2e/internal/objectstore/azurite.go

@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ import (
 	pluginBarmanCloudV1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/api/v1"
 )
 
-func NewAzuriteObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) Resources {
-	return Resources{
+// NewAzuriteObjectStoreResources creates the resources required to create an Azurite object store.
+func NewAzuriteObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) *Resources {
+	return &Resources{
 		Deployment: newAzuriteDeployment(namespace, name),
 		Service:    newAzuriteService(namespace, name),
 		PVC:        newAzuritePVC(namespace, name),
@@ -174,6 +175,7 @@ func newAzuritePVC(namespace, name string) *corev1.PersistentVolumeClaim {
 	}
 }
 
+// NewAzuriteObjectStore creates a new ObjectStore object for Azurite.
 func NewAzuriteObjectStore(namespace, name, azuriteOSName string) *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore {
 	return &pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore{
 		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{

test/e2e/internal/objectstore/fakegcsserver.go

@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ import (
 	pluginBarmanCloudV1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/api/v1"
 )
 
-func NewGCSObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) Resources {
-	return Resources{
+// NewGCSObjectStoreResources creates the resources required to create a GCS object store.
+func NewGCSObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) *Resources {
+	return &Resources{
 		Deployment: newGCSDeployment(namespace, name),
 		Service:    newGCSService(namespace, name),
 		Secret:     newGCSSecret(namespace, name),
@@ -76,7 +77,8 @@ func newGCSDeployment(namespace, name string) *appsv1.Deployment {
 								},
 							},
 							Command: []string{"fake-gcs-server"},
-							Args: []string{"-scheme",
+							Args: []string{
+								"-scheme",
 								"http",
 								"-port",
 								"4443",
@@ -167,6 +169,7 @@ func newGCSPVC(namespace, name string) *corev1.PersistentVolumeClaim {
 	}
 }
 
+// NewGCSObjectStore creates a new GCS object store.
 func NewGCSObjectStore(namespace, name, gcsOSName string) *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore {
 	return &pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore{
 		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{

test/e2e/internal/objectstore/minio.go

@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ import (
 	pluginBarmanCloudV1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/api/v1"
 )
 
-func NewMinioObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) Resources {
-	return Resources{
+// NewMinioObjectStoreResources creates the resources required to create a Minio object store.
+func NewMinioObjectStoreResources(namespace, name string) *Resources {
+	return &Resources{
 		Deployment: newMinioDeployment(namespace, name),
 		Service:    newMinioService(namespace, name),
 		PVC:        newMinioPVC(namespace, name),
@@ -189,6 +190,7 @@ func newMinioPVC(namespace, name string) *corev1.PersistentVolumeClaim {
 	}
 }
 
+// NewMinioObjectStore creates a new Minio object store.
 func NewMinioObjectStore(namespace, name, minioOSName string) *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore {
 	return &pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore{
 		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{

test/e2e/internal/objectstore/objectstore.go

@@ -20,38 +20,46 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 
-	"k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
-	v2 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	appsv1 "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
 )
 
 const (
-	// Size of the PVCs for the object stores
+	// DefaultSize is the default size of the PVCs for the object stores.
 	DefaultSize = "1Gi"
 )
 
 // Resources represents the resources required to create an object store.
 type Resources struct {
-	Deployment *v1.Deployment
-	Service    *v2.Service
-	Secret     *v2.Secret
-	PVC        *v2.PersistentVolumeClaim
+	Deployment *appsv1.Deployment
+	Service    *corev1.Service
+	Secret     *corev1.Secret
+	PVC        *corev1.PersistentVolumeClaim
 }
 
 // Create creates the object store resources.
 func (osr Resources) Create(ctx context.Context, cl client.Client) error {
+	if osr.PVC != nil {
 		if err := cl.Create(ctx, osr.PVC); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create PVC: %w", err)
 		}
+	}
+	if osr.Secret != nil {
 		if err := cl.Create(ctx, osr.Secret); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create secret: %w", err)
 		}
+	}
+	if osr.Deployment != nil {
 		if err := cl.Create(ctx, osr.Deployment); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create deployment: %w", err)
 		}
+	}
+	if osr.Service != nil {
 		if err := cl.Create(ctx, osr.Service); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create service: %w", err)
 		}
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

test/e2e/internal/tests/backup/fixtures.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const (
 	minio   = "minio"
 	azurite = "azurite"
 	gcs     = "gcs"
-	// Size of the PVCs for the object stores and the cluster instances
+	// Size of the PVCs for the object stores and the cluster instances.
 	size               = "1Gi"
 	srcClusterName     = "source"
 	srcBackupName      = "source"
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ type testCaseFactory interface {
 }
 
 type backupRestoreTestResources struct {
-	ObjectStoreResources objectstore.Resources
+	ObjectStoreResources *objectstore.Resources
 	ObjectStore          *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore
 	SrcCluster           *cloudnativepgv1.Cluster
 	SrcBackup            *cloudnativepgv1.Backup

test/e2e/internal/tests/replicacluster/doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+// Package replicacluster contains tests validating replica clusters
+// using the Barman Cloud Plugin.
+package replicacluster

test/e2e/internal/tests/replicacluster/fixtures.go

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+package replicacluster
+
+import (
+	cloudnativepgv1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/api/pkg/api/v1"
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+
+	pluginBarmanCloudV1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/api/v1"
+	"github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/objectstore"
+)
+
+type testCaseFactory interface {
+	createReplicaClusterTestResources(namespace string) replicaClusterTestResources
+}
+
+const (
+	// Size of the PVCs for the object stores and the cluster instances.
+	size                   = "1Gi"
+	srcObjectStoreName     = "source"
+	srcClusterName         = "source"
+	srcBackupName          = "source"
+	replicaObjectStoreName = "replica"
+	replicaClusterName     = "replica"
+	replicaBackupName      = "replica"
+	minioSrc               = "minio-src"
+	minioReplica           = "minio-replica"
+	gcsSrc                 = "fakegcs-src"
+	azuriteSrc             = "azurite-src"
+	azuriteReplica         = "azurite-replica"
+)
+
+type replicaClusterTestResources struct {
+	SrcObjectStoreResources     *objectstore.Resources
+	SrcObjectStore              *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore
+	SrcCluster                  *cloudnativepgv1.Cluster
+	SrcBackup                   *cloudnativepgv1.Backup
+	ReplicaObjectStoreResources *objectstore.Resources
+	ReplicaObjectStore          *pluginBarmanCloudV1.ObjectStore
+	ReplicaCluster              *cloudnativepgv1.Cluster
+	ReplicaBackup               *cloudnativepgv1.Backup
+}
+
+type s3ReplicaClusterFactory struct{}
+
+func (f s3ReplicaClusterFactory) createReplicaClusterTestResources(namespace string) replicaClusterTestResources {
+	result := replicaClusterTestResources{}
+
+	result.SrcObjectStoreResources = objectstore.NewMinioObjectStoreResources(namespace, minioSrc)
+	result.SrcObjectStore = objectstore.NewMinioObjectStore(namespace, srcObjectStoreName, minioSrc)
+	result.SrcCluster = newSrcCluster(namespace)
+	result.SrcBackup = newSrcBackup(namespace)
+	result.ReplicaObjectStoreResources = objectstore.NewMinioObjectStoreResources(namespace, minioReplica)
+	result.ReplicaObjectStore = objectstore.NewMinioObjectStore(namespace, replicaObjectStoreName, minioReplica)
+	result.ReplicaCluster = newReplicaCluster(namespace)
+	result.ReplicaBackup = newReplicaBackup(namespace)
+
+	return result
+}
+
+type gcsReplicaClusterFactory struct{}
+
+func (f gcsReplicaClusterFactory) createReplicaClusterTestResources(namespace string) replicaClusterTestResources {
+	result := replicaClusterTestResources{}
+
+	result.SrcObjectStoreResources = objectstore.NewGCSObjectStoreResources(namespace, gcsSrc)
+	result.SrcObjectStore = objectstore.NewGCSObjectStore(namespace, srcObjectStoreName, gcsSrc)
+	result.SrcCluster = newSrcCluster(namespace)
+	result.SrcCluster.Spec.ExternalClusters[1].PluginConfiguration.Parameters["barmanObjectName"] = srcObjectStoreName
+	result.SrcBackup = newSrcBackup(namespace)
+	// fake-gcs-server requires the STORAGE_EMULATOR_HOST environment variable to be set.
+	// We would have to set that variable to different values to point to the different fake-gcs-server instances,
+	// however the plugin does not support injecting in the sidecar variables with the same name and different values,
+	// so we can only point to a single instance. However, this reflects the real-world scenario, since GCS always
+	// points to the same endpoint.
+	result.ReplicaObjectStoreResources = &objectstore.Resources{}
+	result.ReplicaObjectStore = nil
+	result.ReplicaCluster = newReplicaCluster(namespace)
+	result.ReplicaCluster.Spec.Plugins[0].Parameters["barmanObjectName"] = srcObjectStoreName
+	result.ReplicaCluster.Spec.ExternalClusters[1].PluginConfiguration.Parameters["barmanObjectName"] = srcObjectStoreName
+	result.ReplicaBackup = newReplicaBackup(namespace)
+
+	return result
+}
+
+type azuriteReplicaClusterFactory struct{}
+
+func (f azuriteReplicaClusterFactory) createReplicaClusterTestResources(namespace string) replicaClusterTestResources {
+	result := replicaClusterTestResources{}
+
+	result.SrcObjectStoreResources = objectstore.NewAzuriteObjectStoreResources(namespace, azuriteSrc)
+	result.SrcObjectStore = objectstore.NewAzuriteObjectStore(namespace, srcObjectStoreName, azuriteSrc)
+	result.SrcCluster = newSrcCluster(namespace)
+	result.SrcBackup = newSrcBackup(namespace)
+	result.ReplicaObjectStoreResources = objectstore.NewAzuriteObjectStoreResources(namespace, azuriteReplica)
+	result.ReplicaObjectStore = objectstore.NewAzuriteObjectStore(namespace, replicaObjectStoreName, azuriteReplica)
+	result.ReplicaCluster = newReplicaCluster(namespace)
+	result.ReplicaBackup = newReplicaBackup(namespace)
+
+	return result
+}
+
+func newSrcCluster(namespace string) *cloudnativepgv1.Cluster {
+	cluster := &cloudnativepgv1.Cluster{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "Cluster",
+			APIVersion: "postgresql.cnpg.io/v1",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      srcClusterName,
+			Namespace: namespace,
+		},
+		Spec: cloudnativepgv1.ClusterSpec{
+			Instances:       2,
+			ImagePullPolicy: corev1.PullAlways,
+			Plugins: cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfigurationList{
+				{
+					Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+					Parameters: map[string]string{
+						"barmanObjectName": srcObjectStoreName,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			PostgresConfiguration: cloudnativepgv1.PostgresConfiguration{
+				Parameters: map[string]string{
+					"log_min_messages": "DEBUG4",
+				},
+			},
+			StorageConfiguration: cloudnativepgv1.StorageConfiguration{
+				Size: size,
+			},
+			ReplicaCluster: &cloudnativepgv1.ReplicaClusterConfiguration{
+				Primary: "source",
+				Source:  "replica",
+			},
+			ExternalClusters: []cloudnativepgv1.ExternalCluster{
+				{
+					Name: "source",
+					PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfiguration{
+						Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+						Parameters: map[string]string{
+							"barmanObjectName": srcObjectStoreName,
+							"serverName":       srcClusterName,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Name: "replica",
+					PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfiguration{
+						Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+						Parameters: map[string]string{
+							"barmanObjectName": replicaObjectStoreName,
+							"serverName":       replicaObjectStoreName,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	return cluster
+}
+
+func newSrcBackup(namespace string) *cloudnativepgv1.Backup {
+	return &cloudnativepgv1.Backup{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "Backup",
+			APIVersion: "postgresql.cnpg.io/v1",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      srcBackupName,
+			Namespace: namespace,
+		},
+		Spec: cloudnativepgv1.BackupSpec{
+			Cluster: cloudnativepgv1.LocalObjectReference{
+				Name: srcClusterName,
+			},
+			Method: "plugin",
+			PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.BackupPluginConfiguration{
+				Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+			},
+			Target: "primary",
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func newReplicaBackup(namespace string) *cloudnativepgv1.Backup {
+	return &cloudnativepgv1.Backup{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "Backup",
+			APIVersion: "postgresql.cnpg.io/v1",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      replicaBackupName,
+			Namespace: namespace,
+		},
+		Spec: cloudnativepgv1.BackupSpec{
+			Cluster: cloudnativepgv1.LocalObjectReference{
+				Name: replicaClusterName,
+			},
+			Method: "plugin",
+			PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.BackupPluginConfiguration{
+				Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func newReplicaCluster(namespace string) *cloudnativepgv1.Cluster {
+	cluster := &cloudnativepgv1.Cluster{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "Cluster",
+			APIVersion: "postgresql.cnpg.io/v1",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      replicaClusterName,
+			Namespace: namespace,
+		},
+		Spec: cloudnativepgv1.ClusterSpec{
+			Instances:       2,
+			ImagePullPolicy: corev1.PullAlways,
+			Bootstrap: &cloudnativepgv1.BootstrapConfiguration{
+				Recovery: &cloudnativepgv1.BootstrapRecovery{
+					Source: "source",
+				},
+			},
+			Plugins: cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfigurationList{
+				{
+					Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+					Parameters: map[string]string{
+						"barmanObjectName": replicaObjectStoreName,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			PostgresConfiguration: cloudnativepgv1.PostgresConfiguration{
+				Parameters: map[string]string{
+					"log_min_messages": "DEBUG4",
+				},
+			},
+			ExternalClusters: []cloudnativepgv1.ExternalCluster{
+				{
+					Name: "source",
+					PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfiguration{
+						Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+						Parameters: map[string]string{
+							"barmanObjectName": srcObjectStoreName,
+							"serverName":       srcClusterName,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Name: "replica",
+					PluginConfiguration: &cloudnativepgv1.PluginConfiguration{
+						Name: "barman-cloud.cloudnative-pg.io",
+						Parameters: map[string]string{
+							"barmanObjectName": replicaObjectStoreName,
+							"serverName":       replicaObjectStoreName,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ReplicaCluster: &cloudnativepgv1.ReplicaClusterConfiguration{
+				Primary: "source",
+				Source:  "source",
+			},
+			StorageConfiguration: cloudnativepgv1.StorageConfiguration{
+				Size: size,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	return cluster
+}

test/e2e/internal/tests/replicacluster/replica_cluster.go

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package replicacluster
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	cloudnativepgv1 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/api/pkg/api/v1"
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
+	"k8s.io/utils/ptr"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
+
+	internalClient "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/client"
+	cluster2 "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/cluster"
+	"github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/command"
+	nmsp "github.com/cloudnative-pg/plugin-barman-cloud/test/e2e/internal/namespace"
+
+	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
+	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+)
+
+var _ = Describe("Replica cluster", func() {
+	var namespace *corev1.Namespace
+	var cl client.Client
+	BeforeEach(func(ctx SpecContext) {
+		var err error
+		cl, _, err = internalClient.NewClient()
+		Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+		namespace, err = nmsp.CreateUniqueNamespace(ctx, cl, "replica-cluster")
+		Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+	})
+	AfterEach(func(ctx SpecContext) {
+		Expect(cl.Delete(ctx, namespace)).To(Succeed())
+	})
+	DescribeTable("can switchover to a replica cluster",
+		func(
+			ctx SpecContext,
+			factory testCaseFactory,
+		) {
+			testResources := factory.createReplicaClusterTestResources(namespace.Name)
+
+			By("starting the ObjectStore deployments")
+			Expect(testResources.SrcObjectStoreResources.Create(ctx, cl)).To(Succeed())
+			Expect(testResources.ReplicaObjectStoreResources.Create(ctx, cl)).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("creating the ObjectStores")
+			Expect(cl.Create(ctx, testResources.SrcObjectStore)).To(Succeed())
+			// We do not need to create the replica object store if we are using the same object store for both clusters.
+			if testResources.ReplicaObjectStore != nil {
+				Expect(cl.Create(ctx, testResources.ReplicaObjectStore)).To(Succeed())
+			}
+
+			By("Creating a CloudNativePG cluster")
+			src := testResources.SrcCluster
+			Expect(cl.Create(ctx, testResources.SrcCluster)).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Having the Cluster ready")
+			Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+				g.Expect(cl.Get(
+					ctx,
+					types.NamespacedName{
+						Name:      src.Name,
+						Namespace: src.Namespace,
+					},
+					src)).To(Succeed())
+				g.Expect(cluster2.IsReady(*src)).To(BeTrue())
+			}).WithTimeout(5 * time.Minute).WithPolling(5 * time.Second).Should(Succeed())
+
+			By("Adding data to PostgreSQL")
+			clientSet, cfg, err := internalClient.NewClientSet()
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+			_, _, err = command.ExecuteInContainer(ctx,
+				*clientSet,
+				cfg,
+				command.ContainerLocator{
+					NamespaceName: src.Namespace,
+					PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", src.Name),
+					ContainerName: "postgres",
+				},
+				nil,
+				[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "CREATE TABLE test (i int); INSERT INTO test VALUES (1);"})
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+
+			By("Creating a backup")
+			backup := testResources.SrcBackup
+			Expect(cl.Create(ctx, backup)).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Waiting for the backup to complete")
+			Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+				g.Expect(cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: backup.Name, Namespace: backup.Namespace},
+					backup)).To(Succeed())
+				g.Expect(backup.Status.Phase).To(BeEquivalentTo(cloudnativepgv1.BackupPhaseCompleted))
+			}).Within(2 * time.Minute).WithPolling(5 * time.Second).Should(Succeed())
+
+			By("Creating a replica cluster")
+			replica := testResources.ReplicaCluster
+			Expect(cl.Create(ctx, testResources.ReplicaCluster)).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Having the replica cluster ready")
+			Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+				g.Expect(cl.Get(
+					ctx,
+					types.NamespacedName{
+						Name:      replica.Name,
+						Namespace: replica.Namespace,
+					},
+					replica)).To(Succeed())
+				g.Expect(cluster2.IsReady(*replica)).To(BeTrue())
+			}).WithTimeout(5 * time.Minute).WithPolling(5 * time.Second).Should(Succeed())
+
+			By("Checking the data in the replica cluster")
+			output, _, err := command.ExecuteInContainer(ctx,
+				*clientSet,
+				cfg,
+				command.ContainerLocator{
+					NamespaceName: replica.Namespace,
+					PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", replica.Name),
+					ContainerName: "postgres",
+				},
+				nil,
+				[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "SELECT count(*) FROM test;"})
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+			Expect(output).To(BeEquivalentTo("1\n"))
+
+			// We want to check if the WALs archived by the operator outside the standard PostgreSQL archive_command
+			// are correctly archived.
+			By("Demoting the source to a replica")
+			err = cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: src.Name, Namespace: src.Namespace}, src)
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+			oldSrc := src.DeepCopy()
+			src.Spec.ReplicaCluster.Primary = replicaClusterName
+			Expect(cl.Patch(ctx, src, client.MergeFrom(oldSrc))).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Waiting for all the source pods to be in recovery")
+			for i := 1; i <= src.Spec.Instances; i++ {
+				Eventually(func() (string, error) {
+					stdOut, stdErr, err := command.ExecuteInContainer(
+						ctx,
+						*clientSet,
+						cfg,
+						command.ContainerLocator{
+							NamespaceName: src.Namespace,
+							PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-%v", src.Name, i),
+							ContainerName: "postgres",
+						},
+						ptr.To(5*time.Second),
+						[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();"})
+					if err != nil {
+						GinkgoWriter.Printf("stdout: %v\ntderr: %v\n", stdOut, stdErr)
+					}
+
+					return strings.Trim(stdOut, "\n"), err
+				}, 300, 10).Should(BeEquivalentTo("t"))
+			}
+
+			By("Getting the demotion token")
+			err = cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: src.Name, Namespace: src.Namespace}, src)
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+			token := src.Status.DemotionToken
+
+			By("Promoting the replica")
+			err = cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: replica.Name, Namespace: replica.Namespace}, replica)
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+			oldReplica := replica.DeepCopy()
+			replica.Spec.ReplicaCluster.PromotionToken = token
+			replica.Spec.ReplicaCluster.Primary = replica.Name
+			Expect(cl.Patch(ctx, replica, client.MergeFrom(oldReplica))).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Waiting for the replica to be promoted")
+			Eventually(func() (string, error) {
+				stdOut, stdErr, err := command.ExecuteInContainer(
+					ctx,
+					*clientSet,
+					cfg,
+					command.ContainerLocator{
+						NamespaceName: replica.Namespace,
+						PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", replica.Name),
+						ContainerName: "postgres",
+					},
+					ptr.To(5*time.Second),
+					[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();"})
+				if err != nil {
+					GinkgoWriter.Printf("stdout: %v\ntderr: %v\n", stdOut, stdErr)
+				}
+
+				return strings.Trim(stdOut, "\n"), err
+			}, 300, 10).Should(BeEquivalentTo("f"))
+
+			By("Adding new data to PostgreSQL")
+			clientSet, cfg, err = internalClient.NewClientSet()
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+			_, _, err = command.ExecuteInContainer(ctx,
+				*clientSet,
+				cfg,
+				command.ContainerLocator{
+					NamespaceName: replica.Namespace,
+					PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", replica.Name),
+					ContainerName: "postgres",
+				},
+				nil,
+				[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "INSERT INTO test VALUES (2);"})
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+			_, _, err = command.ExecuteInContainer(ctx,
+				*clientSet,
+				cfg,
+				command.ContainerLocator{
+					NamespaceName: replica.Namespace,
+					PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", replica.Name),
+					ContainerName: "postgres",
+				},
+				nil,
+				[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "SELECT pg_switch_wal();"})
+			Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+
+			By("Creating a backup in the replica cluster")
+			replicaBackup := testResources.ReplicaBackup
+			Expect(cl.Create(ctx, replicaBackup)).To(Succeed())
+
+			By("Waiting for the backup to complete")
+			Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+				g.Expect(cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: replicaBackup.Name, Namespace: replicaBackup.Namespace},
+					replicaBackup)).To(Succeed())
+				g.Expect(replicaBackup.Status.Phase).To(BeEquivalentTo(cloudnativepgv1.BackupPhaseCompleted))
+			}).Within(2 * time.Minute).WithPolling(5 * time.Second).Should(Succeed())
+
+			By("Checking the data in the former primary cluster")
+			Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+				output, _, err = command.ExecuteInContainer(ctx,
+					*clientSet,
+					cfg,
+					command.ContainerLocator{
+						NamespaceName: src.Namespace,
+						PodName:       fmt.Sprintf("%v-1", src.Name),
+						ContainerName: "postgres",
+					},
+					nil,
+					[]string{"psql", "-tAc", "SELECT count(*) FROM test;"})
+
+				g.Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+				g.Expect(output).To(BeEquivalentTo("2\n"))
+			}).Within(2 * time.Minute).WithPolling(5 * time.Second).Should(Succeed())
+		},
+		Entry(
+			"with MinIO",
+			s3ReplicaClusterFactory{},
+		),
+		Entry(
+			"with Azurite",
+			azuriteReplicaClusterFactory{},
+		),
+		Entry(
+			"with fake-gcs-server",
+			gcsReplicaClusterFactory{},
+		),
+	)
+})